1. To list databses on psql terminal ( \l ) or ( \l + ) for detailed information
postgres=# \l

List of databases
Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges
-----------+----------+----------+--------------------+--------------------+-----------------------
postgres | postgres | UTF8 | English_India.1252 | English_India.1252 |
template0 | postgres | UTF8 | English_India.1252 | English_India.1252 | =c/postgres +
| | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres
template1 | postgres | UTF8 | English_India.1252 | English_India.1252 | =c/postgres +
| | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres
(3 rows)

postgres=# \l+

List of databases
Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges | Size | Tablespace | Description
-----------+----------+----------+--------------------+--------------------+-----------------------+---------+------------+--------------------------------------------
postgres | postgres | UTF8 | English_India.1252 | English_India.1252 | | 7055 kB | pg_default | default administrative connection database
template0 | postgres | UTF8 | English_India.1252 | English_India.1252 | =c/postgres +| 6945 kB | pg_default | unmodifiable empty database
| | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres | | |
template1 | postgres | UTF8 | English_India.1252 | English_India.1252 | =c/postgres +| 6945 kB | pg_default | default template for new databases
| | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres | | |
(3 rows)

2. List Databases from query (select * from pg_database);

postgres=# select * from pg_database;
datname | datdba | encoding | datcollate | datctype | datistemplate | datallowconn | datconnlimit | datlastsysoid | datfrozenxid | datminmxid | dattablespace | datacl
-----------+--------+----------+--------------------+--------------------+---------------+--------------+--------------+---------------+--------------+------------+---------------+-------------------------------------
postgres | 10 | 6 | English_India.1252 | English_India.1252 | f | t | -1 | 12400 | 536 | 1 | 1663 |
template1 | 10 | 6 | English_India.1252 | English_India.1252 | t | t | -1 | 12400 | 536 | 1 | 1663 | {=c/postgres,postgres=CTc/postgres}
template0 | 10 | 6 | English_India.1252 | English_India.1252 | t | f | -1 | 12400 | 536 | 1 | 1663 | {=c/postgres,postgres=CTc/postgres}
(3 rows)